Topic table · all states

Pilot car and escort requirements by state

The first dimension at which an escort becomes required, per state and per measurement — with the rule behind it and the road classes that change the answer.

40 source documents on fileoldest revision 1993-08-13last retrieved 2026-09-0631 states with rulesFirst-trigger columnFree · no account needed
table

The first dimension that requires an escort

The number a dispatcher is actually looking for, as one column per measurement: the lowest value at which any published rule in that state puts a pilot car on the load. Where the winning rule is also conditioned on the road class, the cell says so — because the same state can require an escort two feet earlier on a two-lane road.

StateWidthHeightLengthRear overhangGross weightRules on file
Alabama over 12'rev. 2017-06-01 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classover 15'6"rev. 2016-01-18 · read 2026-09-02over 90'rev. 2017-06-01 · read 2026-09-02over 5'rev. 2016-01-18 · read 2026-09-02None published 28
Alaska Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Arizona Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Arkansas over 12'rev. 2023 · read 2026-09-03 · varies by road classover 15'rev. 2023 · read 2026-09-03100' or morerev. 2023 · read 2026-09-03None publishedNone published 11
California over 10'rev. 2021-06-01 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classNone publishedover 85'rev. 2021-06-01 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classover 25'rev. 2005-09-01 · read 2026-09-02None published 23
Colorado over 8'6"rev. 2025-06-10 · read 2026-09-03 · varies by road classNone publishedover 85'rev. 2025-06-10 · read 2026-09-03 · varies by road classover 25'rev. 2025-06-10 · read 2026-09-03over 200,000 lbrev. 2018-04-16 · read 2026-09-03 27
Connecticut Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Delaware Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
District of Columbia None publishedNone publishedNone publishedNone publishedNone published 4
Florida over 12'rev. 2018-04-24 · read 2026-09-02over 14'6"rev. 2018-04-24 · read 2026-09-02over 95'rev. 2018-04-24 · read 2026-09-02None publishedNone published 19
Georgia over 12'rev. 2011-11-08 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road class15' or moreundated document · read 2026-09-02over 75'undated document · read 2026-09-02None publishedNone published 15
Hawaii Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Idaho Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Illinois over 14'6"rev. 2012-08-01 · read 2026-09-01over 14'6"rev. 2012-08-01 · read 2026-09-01over 110'rev. 2012-08-01 · read 2026-09-01None publishedNone published 8
Indiana over 12'4"rev. 2022-04-01 · read 2026-09-01over 14'6"rev. 2022-04-01 · read 2026-09-01over 110'rev. 2022-04-01 · read 2026-09-01None publishedNone published 8
Iowa Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Kansas Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Kentucky over 12'rev. 2017-07-07 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classNone publishedover 75'rev. 2017-07-07 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classover 10'undated document · read 2026-09-02None published 26
Louisiana over 12'undated document · read 2026-09-03None publishedover 90'undated document · read 2026-09-03None publishedNone published 19
Maine Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Maryland Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Massachusetts Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Michigan None publishedNone publishedNone publishedNone publishedNone published 9
Minnesota None publishedNone publishedover 110'rev. 2021 · read 2026-09-05 · varies by road classNone publishedNone published 11
Mississippi 13' or morerev. 2024-09-21 · read 2026-09-05 · varies by road class15'9" or morerev. 2024-09-21 · read 2026-09-05None publishedNone publishedNone published 20
Missouri over 12'6"undated document · read 2026-09-01 · varies by road classover 15'6"rev. 2025-03-30 · read 2026-09-01over 110'undated document · read 2026-09-01 · varies by road classNone publishedover 160,000 lbundated document · read 2026-09-01 · varies by road class 31
Montana Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Nebraska Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Nevada over 12'rev. 2019-08-21 · read 2026-09-05 · varies by road classover 15'6"rev. 2019-08-21 · read 2026-09-05over 110'rev. 2019-08-21 · read 2026-09-05over 25'rev. 2019-08-21 · read 2026-09-05None published 9
New Hampshire Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
New Jersey over 14'undated document · read 2026-09-02None publishedover 100'rev. 2024-01-05 · read 2026-09-02None publishedNone published 10
New Mexico Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
New York over 12'rev. 2025-01-01 · read 2026-09-0114' or morerev. 2015-03-01 · read 2026-09-0180' or morerev. 2025-01-01 · read 2026-09-01over 10'rev. 2015-03-01 · read 2026-09-01None published 10
North Carolina over 12'rev. 2024-08-01 · read 2026-09-02over 14'5"rev. 2024-08-01 · read 2026-09-02over 110'rev. 2024-08-01 · read 2026-09-0215' or morerev. 2024-08-01 · read 2026-09-02over 149,999 lbrev. 2024-08-01 · read 2026-09-02 14
North Dakota Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Ohio 13' or morerev. 2018-01-01 · read 2026-09-0114'6" or morerev. 2018-01-01 · read 2026-09-01over 90'rev. 2018-01-01 · read 2026-09-01None publishedNone published 8
Oklahoma over 12'rev. 2023-09-11 · read 2026-09-01 · varies by road class15'9" or morerev. 2023-09-11 · read 2026-09-01over 80'rev. 2023-09-11 · read 2026-09-01 · varies by road classNone publishedNone published 22
Oregon Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Pennsylvania over 13'rev. 1993-08-13 · read 2026-09-01over 14'6"rev. 1993-08-13 · read 2026-09-01over 90'rev. 1993-08-13 · read 2026-09-01over 15'rev. 1993-08-13 · read 2026-09-01None published 7
Rhode Island Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
South Carolina over 12'rev. 2026-03 · read 2026-09-05 · varies by road class16' or morerev. 2026-03 · read 2026-09-05125' or morerev. 2026-03 · read 2026-09-05over 15'rev. 2026-03 · read 2026-09-05None published 20
South Dakota over 10'rev. 2023-05-01 · read 2026-09-06None publishedNone publishedNone publishedNone published 5
Tennessee over 10'rev. 2018-05-15 · read 2026-09-03 · varies by road classover 15'rev. 2018-05-15 · read 2026-09-03over 90'rev. 2018-05-15 · read 2026-09-03None publishedNone published 26
Texas 14' or moreundated document · read 2026-08-31over 17'undated document · read 2026-08-31110' or moreundated document · read 2026-08-31over 20'undated document · read 2026-08-31None published 10
Utah 12' or morerev. 2026-03-16 · read 2026-09-05 · varies by road classover 16'rev. 2026-03-16 · read 2026-09-05 · varies by road classover 105'rev. 2026-03-16 · read 2026-09-05 · varies by road classover 20'rev. 2026-03-16 · read 2026-09-05 · varies by road classNone published 20
Vermont Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered
Virginia over 12'rev. 2023-03-01 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classover 14'5"rev. 2023-03-01 · read 2026-09-02over 90'rev. 2023-03-01 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classover 15'rev. 2023-03-01 · read 2026-09-02None published 21
Washington over 11'rev. 2023-03-25 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classover 14'6"rev. 2023-03-25 · read 2026-09-02None publishedover 20'rev. 2023-03-25 · read 2026-09-02 · varies by road classNone published 21
West Virginia 12' or moreundated document · read 2026-09-06None publishedover 75'undated document · read 2026-09-06over 10'undated document · read 2026-09-06None published 6
Wisconsin over 16'rev. 2024-11-01 · read 2026-09-05None publishedNone publishedNone publishedNone published 10
Wyoming Not yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet coveredNot yet covered

The states without a jurisdiction file are listed here rather than dropped, and their cells say "not yet covered" rather than carrying a number from a secondary source. A table titled "every state" that quietly covers half is the weakness we are competing against; matching it would forfeit the only advantage this page has. What coverage means here →

over X the rule reads "exceeds" — a load measuring exactly X does not trigger
X or more the rule reads "or greater" — exactly X does trigger
varies by road class the trigger shown is the lowest across road classes
None published no numeric trigger on that measurement in our sources
police

Escorts are a cost, not a footnote

On a long lane a single pilot car above roughly seventy-seven cents a mile costs more than the entire state permit total. Escorts are also a feasibility gate before they are a price — an operator who is not certified in the next state cannot take the load at any rate. Neither the permit calculator nor these tables price a civilian pilot car, because the two commercial sites that publish market rates disagree by nearly a factor of two on the same service.

Published police escort rates, and the fifteen states with none →

sourcing

How this is sourced

Every covered cell above is a value plus the document it came from. Two dates travel with it and they are not the same thing: rev. is the date the source document itself carries — a rule's stated effective date, a PDF's footer — and read is the date we retrieved it. A document downloaded this morning can still be five years old, and a single "last updated" stamp would hide exactly that.

Where two official documents that are both in effect give different answers, the cell says sources disagree and shows both, because neither has been adopted. That is not an omission; it is the finding. Where a state publishes no such limit at all, the cell says none published — also a finding, and a different one from not yet covered, which is our gap and nobody else's.

faq

Questions

When do I need a pilot car?

At the first dimension in your state's column above — but read the road-class note. Many states set a lower trigger on a two-lane road than on a divided highway, and some classify individual highway segments on a published map, so the segment decides the answer rather than the lane count.

Does "none published" mean no escort is ever required?

No. It means the state publishes no numeric trigger on that measurement in the documents we hold. Several states also require escorts on a judgement call — mirror visibility, lane obstruction — that no number can express, and those never resolve to "no escort" here; they resolve to "cannot tell" and go to review.

Why does one state show a width trigger a foot lower than its neighbour?

Because the states genuinely differ, and because the trigger shown is the FIRST one — the lowest width at which any road class in that state requires an escort. On a divided highway the same state may not require one until considerably higher.

Is a pilot car certification from my state valid in the next one?

Often not. Reciprocity is a directed relationship, not a mutual one: at least one state accepts certifications from three neighbours who do not accept its own, and two states accept nobody at all and require their own certification regardless of residency. We are not publishing a reciprocity table until every row is verified against a primary source.