Freight knowledge base

Drayage & Freight Glossary

Plain-English definitions of the drayage, intermodal, and freight-compliance terms that shape a container move — written by QuoteFleet. 37 terms across 8 categories.

Compliance

7 terms

Core

4 terms

Costs

3 terms

Equipment

3 terms

Operations

4 terms

Oversize & overweight

13 terms

Axle Spacing

The distance between axles, measured centre to centre — the input the bridge formula runs on, and the reason two rigs at the same gross weight can differ on legality.

Federal Bridge Formula

The federal calculation that caps the weight on any group of two or more consecutive axles, based on how far apart the outer axles of that group are.

Fifth Wheel

The coupling that connects a semitrailer to the towing tractor, leading trailer, or dolly.

Grandfather Rights

A state allowance to keep truck weight limits that were lawful before the federal standards were adopted — held by 37 states and DC.

GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight)

The total combined weight of the vehicle and its load — capped at 80,000 lb on the Interstate System, above which an overweight permit is needed.

Kingpin to Rear Axle (KPRA)

The distance from the fifth-wheel kingpin to the centre of the rear axle group — a limit in its own right in several states, and not derivable from trailer length.

LCV (Longer Combination Vehicle)

A tractor with two or more trailers running above 80,000 lb on the Interstate System — frozen in place by federal law since 1991.

National Network (NN)

The federally-designated highway system on which states may not set truck width, or minimum trailer length, away from federal standards.

Non-Divisible Load

A load that cannot be broken down without ruining it, destroying its value, or taking more than 8 work hours to dismantle — the federal test for whether an oversize or overweight permit is available at all.

Pilot Car (Escort Vehicle)

A certified escort vehicle running ahead of or behind an oversize load — routinely the largest single line on an oversize move.

Route Survey

A physical or engineering check of the intended route before a permit is issued — triggered by dimension in most states, and priced separately from the permit.

Superload

A move a state will not issue over the counter — priced only after an engineering and route review. It is not "anything over 80,000 lb".

Tandem Axle

Two axles spaced more than 40 and not more than 96 inches apart, limited to 34,000 lb between them on the Interstate System.

Port fees

1 term

Specialized

2 terms

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